A.    Cruise Narrative

                         WHP Cruise Summary Information
 
A.1    Highlights

         WOCE section designation  PR17
Expedition designation (EXPOCODE)  49SU9109_2
                  Chief Scientist  Nobuo Sato
                                   Kobe Marine Observatory(KMO)
                             Ship  R/V Shumpu Maru
                     Port of Call  Ooita to Kochi
                     Cruise Dates  October 13 to October 17, 1991
               Number of stations  
                                                 31° 10.63' N
Geographic boundaries of stations  131° 29.89' E               133° 29.3' E
                                                 29° 29.37' N
     Floats and drifters deployed  0
   Moorings deployed or recovered  0

A.2   Cruise Summary


A.3   List of Principal Investigators


Table 1: Principal Investigators for All Measurements

                  Name             Responsibility     Affiliation
                  ---------------------------------------------
                  Nobuo SATO       Oxygen, Nutrients  KMO
                  Koichi ISHIKAWA  CTD, S             KMO


A.4   Scientific Programme and Methods

The ship departed Ooita on October 13, 1991, and made 6 CTD/rosette stations of 
section PR17. 4 XBT stations were made between CTD/rosette stations. To first 
CTD/rosette station the ship reached at 1531 UTC on October 14, from last 
station departed at 1640 UTC on October 15.

The CTD is EG&G NBIS Mark III B(6500 db type, no oxygen sensor). Water samples 
were collected from 1.7 liter Niskin bottles mounted on the General Oceanics 
Rosette multisampler. However, surface water samples were collected by a 
bucket.


A.5   Major Problems and Goals Not Achieved

A.6   Other incidents of Note

A.7   List of Cruise Participants

    
Table 2: Cruise Participants 

               Name                Responsibility     Affiliation
               ------------------------------------------------
               Nobuo SATO          Chief Scientist    KMO
                                   Oxygen, Nutrients  
               Koichi ISHIKAWA     CTD software       KMO
               Sukeyoshi TAKATANI  Watch Stander      KMO
               Syunta NAITOO       Watch Stander      KMO
               Yasuharu HATA       CTD Hardware       KMO
               Keiichi SATO        Watch Stander      KMO
               Atushi OBATA        Watch Stander      KMO
               Akiyoshi AWANO      Oxygen, Nutrients  KMO
               Hiroki SUZUKI       Oxygen, Nutrients  KMO


B.   Underway Measurements

B.1   Navigation and bathymetry

B.2   Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP)

B.3   Thermosalinograph and underway dissolved oxygen, fluorometer, etc

B.4   XBT and XCTD
B.5   Meteorological observations

B.6   Atmospheric chemistry



C.   Hydrographic Measurements

The CTD is EG&G NBIS Mark III B(6500 db type, no oxygen sensor).  A HP 9000 
Series 300 model 330(Hewlett Packard) with a 4 MByte of memory was used as the 
primary data collection device.

The temperature and pressure sensor were calibrated at the calibration facility 
of HAKUTO CO., LTD before the cruise. The results are shown in Table 3. 
Temperature and pressure(increasing) calibration values are used to correct CTD 
data, by linear interpolation inside the calibrated regime. CTD data outside of 
the regime is corrected by the calibration values on the boundary, at the
each side.

Notice that the upcast pressure data is corrected by Pressure(increasing), not 
Pressure(decreasing) in Table 3.


Table 3: The temperature and pressure sensor calibration values

               Standard  CTD       
               Pressure  Pressure Difference
               -----------------------------
                1.5158   1.5200    -0.0043
                2.6555   2.6607    -0.0052
                3.6780   3.6835    -0.0055
                4.7980   4.8041    -0.0061
                6.7300   6.7397    -0.0096
                7.7738   7.7839    -0.0101
               10.8682  10.8789    -0.0107
               12.7282  12.7390    -0.0108
               14.7113  14.7227    -0.0113
               20.4677  20.4797    -0.0120
               25.4034  25.4160    -0.0126
               29.8279  29.8408    -0.0129


               Standard  CTD 
               Pressure  Pressure  Difference
               ------------------------------

                  0.0       0.1    -0.1
                 98.0      97.0     1.0
                293.9     293.2     0.7
                489.8     489.8    -0.0
                979.6     981.9    -2.3
               1959.1    1961.8    -2.7
               2938.7    2938.9    -0.2
               3918.3    3915.8     2.5
               4897.7    4894.0     3.9
               5877.4    5873.5     3.9


               Standard  CTD       
               Pressure  Pressure  Difference
               -------------------------------
                  0.0      -2.0     2.0
                 98.0      99.8    -1.8
                293.9     297.7    -3.8
                489.8     495.3    -5.5
                979.6     986.9    -7.3
               1959.1    1964.1    -5.0
               2938.7    2939.7    -0.9
               3918.3    3916.0     2.3
               4897.7    4894.0     3.9
               5877.4    5873.7     3.7


The conductivity sensor were calibrated at sea using data from the analyses of 
salinity collected at 3 stations. The salinometer is AUTOLAB model 1601 for the 
analyses of salinity of the water samples. The results are shown in Table 4. 
The calibration constant is determined assuming that the bias is 0.  The 
results are shown in Table 4.

Table 4: The conductivity sensor calibration constants

                                  Bias  Slope
                                  -------------
                                  0     1.00013
                                  Oxygen Measurements


The determination of dissolved oxygen was done by the modified version of the 
Winkler method described in "Kaiyo Kansoku Shishin (Manual of Oceanographic 
Observation)" published by the Oceanographical Society of Japan(1970). The 
reagent blank was not subtracted. No estimation of accuracy and precision has 
been done.

Nutrients Analyses

The nutrients analyses were done by the Technicon Auto Analyzer II described in 
"Kaiyo Kansoku Shishin (Manual of Oceanographic Observation)" published by the 
Oceanographical Society of Japan(1970). No estimation of accuracy and precision 
has been done.



D.   Acknowledgments



E.   References

Unesco, 1983. International Oceanographic tables. Unesco Technical Papers in 
    Marine Science, No. 44.

Unesco, 1991. Processing of Oceanographic Station Data, 1991. By JPOTS
    editorial panel.



F.   WHPO Summary

Several data files are associated with this report.  They are the su9109.sum, 
su9109.hyd, su9109.csl and *.wct files.  The su9109.sum file contains a summary 
of the location, time, type of parameters sampled, and other pertinent 
information regarding each hydrographic station.  The su9109.hyd file contains 
the bottle data. The *.wct files are the ctd data for each station.  The *.wct 
files are zipped into one file called su9109.wct.zip. The su9109.csl file is a 
listing of ctd and calculated values at standard levels.

The following is a description of how the standard levels and calculated values 
were derived for the su9109.csl file:

Salinity, Temperature and Pressure:  These three values were smoothed from the 
individual CTD files over the N uniformly increasing pressure levels. using the 
following binomial filter-

             t(j) = 0.25ti(j-1) + 0.5ti(j) + 0.25ti(j+1) j=2....N-1

When a pressure level is represented in the *.csl file that is not contained 
within the ctd values, the value was linearly interpolated to the desired level 
after applying the binomial filtering.   

Sigma-theta(SIG-TH:KG/M3), Sigma-2 (SIG-2: KG/M3), and Sigma-4(SIG-4: KG/M3): 
These values are calculated using the practical salinity scale (PSS-78) and the 
international equation of state for seawater (EOS-80) as described in the 
Unesco publication 44 at reference pressures of the surface for SIG-TH; 2000 
dbars for Sigma-2; and 4000 dbars for Sigma-4.

Gradient Potential Temperature (GRD-PT: C/DB 10-3) is calculated as the least 
squares slope between two levels, where the standard level is the center of the 
interval.  The interval being the smallest of the two differences between the 
standard level and the two closest values. The slope is first determined using 
CTD temperature and then the adiabatic lapse rate is subtracted to obtain the 
gradient potential temperature.  Equations and Fortran routines are described 
in Unesco publication 44.

Gradient Salinity (GRD-S: 1/DB 10-3) is calculated as the least squares slope 
between two levels, where the standard level is the center of the standard 
level and the two closest values.  Equations and Fortran routines are described 
in Unesco publication 44.

Potential Vorticity (POT-V: 1/ms 10-11) is calculated as the vertical component 
ignoring contributions due to relative vorticity, i.e. pv=fN2/g, where f is the 
coriolius parameter, N is the bouyancy frequency (data expressed as 
radius/sec), and g is the local acceleration of gravity. 

Bouyancy Frequency (B-V: cph) is calculated using the adiabatic leveling 
method, Fofonoff (1985) and Millard, Owens and Fofonoff (1990).  Equations and 
Fortran routines are described in Unesco publication 44.

Potential Energy (PE: J/M2: 10-5) and Dynamic Height (DYN-HT: M) are calculated 
by integrating from 0 to the level of interest.  Equations and Fortran routines 
are described in Unesco publication, Processing of Oceanographic station data.

Neutral Density (GAMMA-N: KG/M3) is calculated with the program GAMMA-N
(Jackett and McDougall) version 1.3 Nov. 94.  



G.   WHPO SIO Data Processing Notes


Date      Contact         Data Type     Data Status  Summary  
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
04/20/01  Uribe           BTL           Website Updated  CSV File Added  Bottle 
          file was converted into Exchange format.  Website now contains a link 
          to the CSV file. Station/Cast: SH4566/1, SH4567/1, SH4568/1, 
          SH4569/1, SH45701, SH4571/1. Were removed due to missing 
          navigational data.
          
06/18/01  Uribe           CTD           Website Updated  CSV File Added, 
          sumfiles need to have gaps filled, see note:  CTD was converted to 
          exchange format. New files were put online. Sumfiles needed to go 
          through fix_sum_file.pl to fill in data gaps in order to run exchange 
          code.
          
          

